TMJ

“TMJ/TMD” WHAT IS IT?

TMJ is actually the Temporomandibular Joint that functions as the hinge and attachment for the lower jaw to the maxilla.  The jawbone is connected to this joint with a ligamentous attachment.  There is a disc between between the bones of this joint that act as a cushion as the jaw functions.  The TM joint is unlike any other joint we have in our body.

TMD is used to identify problems with then TMJ, muscles of mastication, the teeth (occlusion) as well as the central nervous system.  Most experts believe the problems relates to a lock of coordination between the muscles of mastication, jaw joints, and the central nervous system. 

Common Problems with the joint-disc disorders, ligament tears, inflammatory disorders, arthritis, fibrosis, alkalosis, dislocations, and fractures.

Most of the problems can be related to some type of trauma. It can be related to something like whiplash or even a sports injury.  It can also be related micro-trauma from the way your teeth go together.  TMJ problems are often misdiagnosed as fibromialgia, migraines, neck pain, and sinus problems. 

Signs and Symptoms

• Joint noise
• Facial pain
• Back,neck, cervical pain
• Posture problems
• Limited opening of mouth
• Pain with opening
• Headaches
• Pain in muscles around joint
• Pain behind eyes
• Uncomfortable bite
• Clenching
• Bruxing
• Jaw locks
• Ringing of ears
• Ear congestion
• Sinus like symptoms
• Dizziness/Vertigo
• Insomnia
• And others

Diagnosis this is often difficult for the patients, because they often go from one specialist to the next with no answers for their problems.

Treatment

Most of the time treatment begins with making a splint (orthotic) to orthopedically align  the bite and muscles that are not balanced.  After a few months of wearing the splint several options are available to finalize treatment. The patient can continue to wear the splint, correct the bite with orthodontics, or crown and bridge treatment at the new jaw position.